"We identified 35,670 individuals with at least two suspected infections (through 27 November 2021), 332 individuals with suspected third infections, and 1 individual with four suspected infections," they wrote in their report, posted online in a preprint, meaning it has not been peer-reviewed or published in a medical journal.
"Among the individuals who have had more than one reinfection, 47 (14.2%) experienced their third infection in November 2021, which suggests that many third infections are associated with transmission of the Omicron variant."
They are assuming the recent uptick in cases in South Africa reflects the spread of Omicron and not some other factor such as waning immunity. The people whose cases they describe have not had the virus sequenced, so it's not certain they were, in fact, infected with the Omicron variant.
http://www.cnn.com/2021/12/03/health/omicron-south-africa-reinfection-study/index.html
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